The title al-Fatihah (The Opening') reflects the content of this sit' rah. Al-Fatihah signifies that which introduces either a subject or work, or that which marks an inauguration; it is thus equivalent to an `Introduction' or a `Foreword'.This sarah was revealed at the very outset of Muhammad's prophethood. Indeed, we learn from authentic Traditions that this was the first complete surah to be revealed to him. Only a few verses (parts of the early surahs such as 96, 73 and 74) were revealed before this.
Al-Fatihah is actually a prayer, which God teaches to all who embark upon the study of His Book. Its position at the beginning signifies that anyone who wants to benefit from the Book should first offer this prayer to the Lord of the Universe.Man naturally prays only for what his heart desires, and only when he feels that the object of his desire is at the disposal of the One to Whom his prayer is addressed. The placing of this surah at the head of the Qur'an is a sign that God urges man to read this Book with the aim of discovering the right course in life, i.e. 'the straight way', to study it with the earnestness of a seeker after Truth, and never to forget that the real source of true knowledge is God Himself. The student of the Book should therefore begin by making a humble petition to Him for true guidance.Once this is grasped, it becomes self-evident that in relation to the Qur'an this opening surah, al-Fatihah, is not just an introduction or foreword; the relationship is really one of prayer and response. A1-Fatihah is a prayer from man, and the rest of the Qur'an is God's response to this prayer. 'Man prays to God that He may show him the straight way, and in response to this prayer God offers the Qur'an as the true guidance, the 'straight way', which man has sought and prayed for.
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